List of states who have ratified the Child Labor Amendment in order of date of ratification: Arkansas, California, Arizona, Wisconsin, Montana, Colorado, Oregon, Washington, North Dakota, Ohio, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Illinois, Oklahoma, Iowa, West Virginia, Minnesota, Maine, Pennsylvania, Wyoming, Utah, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, Nevada, New Mexico, Kansas.
List of states who have rejected the Child Labor Amendment in order of date of rejection: Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia.
List of states that have taken no action on the Child Labor Amendment: Alabama, Alaska, Hawaii*, Mississippi, Nebraska, New York, Rhode Island.
*Alaska and Hawaii both became states in 1959, more than two decades after the amendment was sent to the states.
Sources
CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. THE CONSTITUTION of the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION Centennial Edition. Washington D.C., U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, 2013, pp. 76, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CONAN-2013/pdf/GPO-CONAN-2013.pdf. Accessed 21 March 2024.
Heldman, Jessica K. “There is More Work to Be Done to Eliminate Oppressive Child Labor | ACS.” American Constitution Society, 10 May 2023, https://www.acslaw.org/expertforum/there-is-more-work-to-be-done-to-eliminate-oppressive-child-labor/. Accessed 22 March 2024.
Kratz, Jessie. “Unratified Amendments: Regulating Child Labor – Pieces of History.” Pieces of History, 24 March 2020, https://prologue.blogs.archives.gov/2020/03/24/unratified-amendments-regulating-child-labor/. Accessed 19 March 2024.
Millhiser, Ian. “Clarence Thomas’s newest opinion would literally bring back child labor.” Vox, 26 May 2023, https://www.vox.com/politics/2023/5/26/23737863/supreme-court-clarence-thomas-neil-gorsuch-sackett-epa-child-labor-unconstitutional. Accessed 2 April 2024.
Oyez. Hammer v. Dagenhart. 3 June 1918. Oyez, https://www.oyez.org/cases/1900-1940/247us251. Accessed 22 March 2024.
Rosenberg, Mica, et al. “How a fake ID let Hyundai suppliers use child labor in Alabama.” Reuters, 27 April 2023, https://www.reuters.com/world/us/how-fake-id-repeatedly-enabled-hyundai-suppliers-employ-child-labor-alabama-2023-04-27/. Accessed 20 March 2024.
Sherer, Jennifer, and Nina Mast. “Child labor laws are under attack in states across the country: Amid increasing child labor violations, lawmakers must act to strengthen standards.” Economic Policy Institute, 14 March 2023, https://www.epi.org/publication/child-labor-laws-under-attack/. Accessed 20 March 2024.
Supreme Court of the United States. SACKETT ET UX. v. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY ET AL. 25 May 2023, https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-454_4g15.pdf. Accessed 2 April 2024.
Whaples, Robert. “Child Labor in the United States – EH.net.” Economic History Association, 7 October 2005, https://eh.net/encyclopedia/child-labor-in-the-united-states/. Accessed 22 March 2024.